Astonishing 3D images reveal the first four-legged land animals in amazing detail - and overturn a century of research

By LEWIS SMITH

A reconstruction of the early tetrapod Ichthyostega showing the skeleton within the body.

Early backboned creatures have been reconstructed the wrong way around for the last 100 years, astonishing 3D X-ray images have revealed.
By using high resolution X-ray imaging researchers have been able to look inside rocks to establish how the backbone of the first four-legged land animals was constructed.
To the consternation of palaeontologists the 3D view of the rock-encased 360 million-year-old remains revealed that for a century they have been putting the fossilised backbones together back-to-front.

3D images showing how the backbone of one of the first four-legged land animals fits together.

The discovery overturns the accepted way of reconstructing tetrapod fossils and means that scientists will have to rethink how the backbone developed in creatures such as Ichthyostega, Acanthostega and Pederpes.
‘For more than 100 years, early tetrapods were thought to have vertebrae composed of three sets of bones - one bone in front, one on top, and a pair behind,’ said Dr Stephanie Pierce, of the Royal Veterinary College.
‘But, by peering inside the fossils using synchrotron X-rays we have discovered that this traditional view literally got it back-to-front.

X-rays revealed the structure of the backbone of Ichthyostega.

‘The results of this study force us to re-write the textbook on backbone evolution in the earliest limbed animals.’
Modern-day tetrapods, including humans, have a spine in which each vertebra is a single bone.
In early tetrapods each vertebra was composed of multiple bones but until now scientists reconstructed them the wrong way around.
Dr Pierce, who led the international study alongside Professor Jennifer Clack of the University of Cambridge, subjected rock-encased fossils to high energy synchrotron radiation.
Most known fossils of the earliest tetrapods, and those of the first backboned fish, are trapped in rock but the X-ray process allows scientists to see them without damage the delicate remains.

source: dailymail

Playful pride: Big cats and their cubs take time out to relax in the savannah sunrise

Tender moment: Incredible images showing a pride of lions in intimate and tender moments together have been captured on camera

Stretching out in the sun and playfully pawing at each other is all in a day's work for the Ngamo pride in Zimbabwe.
When they aren't chasing terrified beasts, they share intimate and tender moments - some of which have been captured here on camera.
The shots show five lionesses, four cubs and one male lion as they take some down time shortly after sunrise.

At peace: The shots show five lionesses, four cubs and one male lion as they enjoy some quiet time shortly after sunrise

In the pictures the lions snuggle up in the open savannah grassland and show lots of love and affection for each other.
Carole Deschuymere, 36, got up close to the Ngamo pride in Zimbabwe but they were so enchanted with one another they didn't even realise she was there.

Up close and personal: Photographer Carole Deschuymere got up close to the Ngamo pride in Zimbabwe

Relaxing: In the pictures the lions are seen cosying up together and playfully pawing at each other as they soak up the warm African sun

In the pictures the lions are seen cosying up together and playfully pawing at each other as they soak up the warm African sun.
One image shows a cub swiping its father with a paw while another shows a cub inspecting a lioness's teeth.

Family ties: A young cub gently plays with its parent

Snapped: 'At one point when the father came into the pride he was playfully growling at one of his cubs, who gave him a playful slap in the face. It was very sweet,' said the photographer

Carole, who only started taking wildlife shots in 2011, said: 'Lions have always fascinated me because of their power and the way they interact with each other.
'This family of lions were so relaxed here they didn't pay any attention to the car I was in at all.
'At one point when the father came into the pride he was playfully growling at one of his cubs, who gave him a playful slap in the face. It was very sweet.'
Carole, who runs a clothes shop in Oostduinkerke, in Belgium, only took up wildlife photography after being inspired on a holiday to Botswana in 2010.
She added: 'When lions interact with each other in such a way as they do here, you feel very humbled to witness something as intimate as that.'

source: dailymail

Adorable video of deaf bulldog dancing to the vibrations of his master's blues guitar goes viral

By DAILY MAIL REPORTER

Feeling it: This bulldog rocks back and forth in time to the soulful chords of the guitar

Just because you're deaf doesn't mean you can't have soul.
Which is what Jamynne Bowle's English bulldog demonstrates when the deaf pooch feels the blues in this adorable viral video.
Bowle's footage shows her dog rocking back and forth in time to the twelve-bar blues a friend chugs out on their acoustic guitar.

Alone: Maybe the bulldog has the blues because his furry pal won't rock out with him

Another dog, who isn't quite so depressed, watches in the background with a quizzical expression.
Since being posted to Facebook this December the video has been shared roughly 30,000 times.
Some comments have tried to spoil the fun by claiming the dog is only scratching its butt on the carpet, but he's surprisingly in-time with the music.

Good vibes: Some comments on the video say the dog is only scratching itself on the carpet but others say he could be feeling the guitar's vibrations

Rhythm: For a dog that's hard of hearing he keeps good time

Especially for a dog who's hard of hearing.
A dog website, For the Love of Dog, speculated the bulldog is actually feeling vibrations from the guitar.



source: dailymail

Hello world! Five-week-old panda cub smiles and waves from its incubator at Chinese conservation centre

By AMANDA WILLIAMS

Put it there! Photographer Dr Katherine Feng, snapped one smiling black and white bear lying on its front, offering a 'high five' with its right paw at a conservation centre in China

This tiny panda looks as if he cannot wait to get out and meet the big wide world as he waves from an incubator at a Chinese conservation centre.
The 37-day-old bear seems to be smiling for the camera after medics weighed, measured, and fed him before returning him to the see-through box.
Photographer Dr Katherine Feng, 65, also captured one chilled out black and white cub lying on his back with his arms behind his head, at the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda at the Wolong Nature Reserve in Sichuan.

Bear-ly a care: This chilled out panda cub cupped his hands behind his head as he relaxed in an incubator

And another is pictured being carried in its mother’s mouth just a few hours after it was born.
Other pictures show a young cub in an incubator waiting to be fed a nutritious formula mixed with a mother panda’s natural milk.
At six days old the cub is still pink with prickly white hair - and looks nothing like a panda.
Dr Feng, a qualified vet from Colorado, United States, spent four years at the centre documenting life in the nursery.

Going for a ride: And another is pictured being carried in its mother's mouth just a few hours after it was born

She said: 'If a new born cub is ignored or rejected by its mother, it is cared for in the nursery until such time its mother is able to take care of it.
“I photographed giant pandas of all ages and documented the work of the dedicated staff in their efforts to save them from extinction.
'I made it a point of being present during the birthing season for four years.
'When the cubs are first born they are about the size of a fat hotdog and weigh somewhere around four ounces.

A young cub in an incubator waiting to be fed a nutritious formula mixed with a mother panda's natural milk. At six days old the cub is still pink with prickly white hair - and looks nothing like a panda

'They are pink with white stubby hair and are not cute at all - they look very similar to large new born mice or rats and not at all like pandas.'
The dark colouring appears around the eyes and ears between 5 to 7 days.

Dr Feng said when the cubs are first born they are about the size of a 'fat hotdog' and weigh somewhere around four ounces

But Dr Feng added: 'Personally, I think the cubs start looking cute at about four weeks when they are un-mistakenly baby pandas.
'At that age, they are roly-poly balls of black and white. They are able to move a bit more and are cute to watch.
'No other photographer has ever been granted such access at the CCRCGP.
'It was very tempting to pet and play with the baby pandas.

source: dailymail

This is how you do it! Cute video captures 6-month-old dog teaching nervous puppy how to walk down the stairs

By DAILY MAIL REPORTER

Canadian dog lover Tim Doucette's new 8-week old puppy Daisy was able to run up the stairs without a problem, but getting back down looked a little scary.

Luckily, Doucette's other dog, Simon, a 6-month-old won't lab mix, was there to show Daisy the ropes.
In Doucette's heart-warming footage, Simon runs up and down the stairs, patiently waiting until Daisy can put paw in front of paw all the way down to the floor.

Scaredy-dog: Puppy Daisy doesn't like the look of those stairs

Helping paw: Daisy's older roommate, Simon is happy to teach a pup the ropes

'Our 6 month old lab mix rescue pup taught our 8 week old foster pup from Manitoba Mutts Dog Rescue in Winnipeg to go down the stairs once she got up and couldn't get down!' Doucette wrote in the video's description.
Nearly 10,000 viewers have watched the adorable lesson.

Come on!: Simon encourages Daisy to take just one more step

'Compassion for a fellow being who is afraid and struggling. Patience and example in teaching. Determination and courage (in the face of fear) while learning. This is why we live with dogs -- and how we should live with each other. Thanks for posting this lovely moment,' wrote user Vicky Jones.



source: dailymail

The South American flower that looks like a monkey (and hopefully smells sweeter)

By STEVE ROBSON

Spotted: The 'monkey orchid' Mr Shandra found, left, is usually found in the cloud forests of Peru and Ecuador in South America and bears an uncanny resemblance to a monkey

A tourist in South America couldn't believe his eyes after stumbling across a flower resembling a monkey.
Brian Shandra, 34, was travelling in Ecuador where he visited Ecuagenera - a farm which specialises in orchids.
As he wandered around he was stunned to come across the 'dracula simia', a flower found in the cloud forests of Peru and Ecuador.

Doppleganger:The 'Monkey Orchid' is so-called for its resemblance to apes such as the golden monkey (file picture)

Brian, a research chemist from Boston, USA, described it as a perfect example of a 'simian pareidolia' where the face of a primate is seen in an entirely unrelated object.
He said: 'We were all shocked when all of a sudden we were confronted by all these little monkey faces staring back at us.
'The weird thing was that each one was a little bit different and almost seemed to have their own personalities.
'There was a happy one, a sad one, one with a little nose, big lips - a whole family. It was a little freaky.'

source: dailymail

It's the long arm of the paw! Meet the cute spaniel puppies who will grow up to be police's top sniffer dogs

By SIMON TOMLINSON

Pet patrol: The Springer spaniels - three boys and six girls - were born on December 8 into the 'O' litter and are named Odem, Orville, Osca, Oreo, Olivia, Olympia, Oriel, Oxo and Oasis

They may look cute and cuddly, but these puppies will soon be helping to bring down the toughest criminals in Britain.
They are being trained by West Midlands Police as specialist search dogs hunting for weapons, drugs, cash, stolen items or explosives and the evidence they will uncover is often crucial in securing convictions.
The Springer spaniels - three boys and six girls - were born on December 8 into the 'O' litter and are named Odem, Orville, Osca, Oreo, Olivia, Olympia, Oriel, Oxo and Oasis.

'It's the first time we've turned to our Twitter followers for help naming our puppies and it's proved hugely successful.

West Midlands Police asked Twitter users to name the new recruits by using the hashtag £nameourpups.
Breed scheme manager Dave Raymond, said: 'Clearly a few Baggies fans entered as Odemwingie was tweeted in a few times and I don't think Opium is appropriate for a police dog.

Canine cops: Breed scheme manager Dave Raymond cuddles one of the pups (left), while another of the breed tries a police helmet out for size (right)

'The pups are 20 days old now; their eyes are open and they're starting to get a bit more adventurous. In the next few days we'll be weaning them on milk away from mum Grace and also introducing a few rags and toys for them to play with.
'We'll keep everyone updated on the pups' progress with regular photos and videos.'

Turning to the web: Mr Arnett asked Twitter users to come up with the names of the new brood

The force runs the largest, most successful police dog breed scheme in the UK with more than 80 per cent of all dogs going through the training programme becoming operational.
Any that don't make the grade are sold as working dogs or given to good homes.
Mr Raymond said: 'Brood bitches are selected for their exemplary search skills, stability, responsiveness and temperament.
'They have blood and eye tests to make sure they don't pass on any hereditary conditions.'

New recruits: The pups were born to mother Grace and father Tom, a five-year-old explosives search specialist

Mother Grace was born into the breed scheme in August 2009.
This is her second litter and, in line with Kennel Club guidelines, she'll have no more than four in her lifetime and only one in any 12-month period.
In between, she enjoys life at home with volunteers as a family pet.
O Litter's dad is West Midlands Police Dog Tom, a five-year-old explosives search specialist.

source: dailymail

The seal that didn't take kindly to being photographed: Fearsome set of teeth shows creature isn't always playful

Smile for the camera: A seal attempts to take a bite out of a wildlife photographer's camera in the waters off Farne Islands, Northumberland

These terrifying teeth should be enough to scare off even the bravest wildlife photographer - but those divers who persevere are rewarded with a unique encounter with an adorable group of playful seals.
The stunning set of images of the frolicking marine mammals were captured in British waters by a diver who did well to hang onto his camera when one of the seals attempted to take a bite out it.

No pictures please! At first sight, the animal appears to be far from friendly as its shows off a set of terrifying teeth

The animal appeared to be growling as he showed off his gnarling gnashers to the camera, but within seconds of this hairy introduction it was having a whale of a time splashing around with the underwater visitor.

Say cheese: The scary-looking seal bears its sharp teeth as it snarls at the camera during a hairy introduction with an underwater visitor

Poser: The marine mammal puts away its teeth and shows a more gentle side when it swims up to the lens and peers into the glass

The friendly pair of seals were more than happy to pose for the camera, repeatedly swimming up to the lens, peering into the glass and pawing at photographer Adam Hanlon.
The wonderful pictures were taken in the waters near the Farne Islands, Northumberland, which is a renowned spot for anyone looking to swim side-by-side with seals. Wildlife snapper Adam said: 'The rookery of seals at the Farne Islands is well known as an amazing site for seal interactions.
'There are several thousand seals there, and I've been going to photograph them there for the last 10 years.

Under the sea: Wildlife photographer Alan Hanlon has been taking pictures of the Farne Islands rookery of seals for the last 10 years

Frolicking: The adorable seals touch noses as they play among the seaweed while photographer Alan Hanlon watches on

Intrigued: This wide-eyed seal was keen to find out more about its human visitor and swam up for a closer look

Are you looking at me? The long-whiskered water lover is one of thousands splashing around off the British coastland

'On the first morning of the dive, as we arrived on our boat, the seals that had been lying on the shore all started to rush into the water.
'They then proceeded to swim out and try to splash water onto us in the boat. We knew we were on for a good day!
'The Farnes seals are unique in that they have never been fed, or have any other reason to play with humans, yet they choose to come out and play with visiting divers.
'On this particular trip, I spent two days with the seals, which was really magical. They are so friendly.

'Magical': Alan Hanlon spent two days swimming with the friendly seals and taking pictures of his sea hosts during his latest visit to Farne Islands

source: dailymail

Who lives in this animal house? Shocked dinner guest reveals images of home FILLED with with taxidermy trophies

By DAILY MAIL REPORTER

Living on the wild side: The home is brimming with hunting trophies from stuffed rhino to elk and lions

A guest who was invited to a dinner party got a shock when he came face to face with hundreds of work of taxidermy at his host's home.
He reportedly had no prior warning that his new friends were seasoned big game hunters - and avid collectors of the spoils of their sport.
From stuffed lions to bears, rhinos and crocodiles, the avid hunters go on a trip to Africa every six weeks, he claimed.

What's for dinner? One guest was astonished when faced with his host's big game hunting hobby at the home

The pictures were posted to Reddit by user sweete_d with the remark: 'Invited to dinner party, I was given no warning.'
The home contains around 75 taxidermy statues and unsurprisingly, the home owners have a large gun collection.

Head count: A bison, deer and hippo are among the many busts adorning the walls of the home

Big game taxidermy appears to have become something of a popular decor choice recently after a mansion was put up for sale proudly displaying dozens of pieces.
The $15million home in Celina, Texas is a shrine to blood sports and boasts more than 40 mounted busts of deer, antelope and rhino heads on its walls.
The 314-acre property is also perfect for equestrian lovers with two competition arenas, a ranch and several barns.

Big game: Along with the works of taxidermy are sets of tusks decorating the spa

The lion king: Two majestic statues decorate what appears to be a living room

source: dailymail

The dolphin snatchers: Mail investigation exposes vile trade where animals are sold for up to £100,000 each to aquariums where they suffer unimaginable cruelty

By STEVE BIRD

The cruel sea: A dolphin selected for sale last month in Japan. Others that are 'not suitable' are killed

For the men wearing wetsuits wading in a shallow bay teeming with trapped wild dolphins, the decision is as simple as it is ruthless. Running their hands carefully over each dolphin’s body, they check to ensure the creature is free from scars, particularly on the dorsal and tail fins.
At first glance this human interaction with one of the few creatures said to possess an intellect close to our own appears an act of caring tenderness. But in reality, these are businessmen selecting their merchandise for a multi-million-pound trade in live dolphins. The best specimens (usually young females, or cows) are removed from their families to be sold live for between £50,000 and £100,000 each to aquariums.

The rejects are slaughtered for their meat. Some are speared repeatedly by fisherman circling in motorboats whose propellers often slice the dolphins' skin

The dolphins they reject — the ones with minor blemishes on their skin — are slaughtered where they are trapped in that cove at Taiji on the south coast of Japan.
In a frenzy of violence that has shocked animal lovers and marine environmentalists around the world, some are speared repeatedly by fisherman circling in motorboats whose propellers often slice the dolphins’ skin. Others are simply held underwater to drown.

Killer cove: The dolphins they reject - the ones with minor blemishes on their skin - are trapped in a cove at Taiji on the south coast of Japan

Sometimes, a metal pole is rammed into their blubber in the hope of shattering the mammal’s spine. A cork stopper is then hammered into the hole where the rod was forced in, to try to reduce the blood spilt into the sea — to conceal the extent of the slaughter.

Blood red: Japanese fishermen collect the bodies of harpooned dolphins from the bloody waters of a bay in Taiji

Invariably a few dolphins try to make a break for freedom and attempt to jump over the netting that seals off the bay.
However, amid the blood-red waters almost all of them eventually succumb to their fate. These barbaric scenes took place just before Christmas, during a hunting season when Japanese fishermen ‘harvest’ dolphins to supply to aquariums for human entertainment.

The odds: For every wild dolphin caught to be trained to perform tricks in captivity, around four times that number are slaughtered

It is estimated that for every wild dolphin caught to be trained to perform tricks in captivity, around four times that number are slaughtered.
The fishermen then sell off the meat for about £10 a kilo. They see the creatures as a menace because they pose a threat to the dwindling reserves of fish in the Pacific Ocean.
But for those that survive the slaughter, life might as well be over.The stress a dolphin suffers as a result of being captured, transported and imprisoned in a small tank dramatically reduces its lifespan.

Rounding them up: Fishermen drive bottle-nose dolphins into a net during their annual hunt off Taiji. The 'drive hunt' involved five or six large fishing vessels sailing out to sea to find a pod of dolphins

Fishermen bang metal poles against the side of the boat to disorientate and scare the dolphins

Some dolphins are so distressed by their capture that they commit suicide. the stress that they suffer as a result of being captured dramatically shortens their lifespan

While wild dolphins live for up to 60 or 70 years, captured ones often perish when they are as young as eight, say environmentalists.
According to marine experts, some dolphins are so distressed by their capture that they commit suicide.
One of the most vocal campaigners against the practice is also one of the most knowledgeable — he is the very man who helped create and promote the worldwide aquarium industry.

The hunt is on: Taiji's fishermen are licensed by the national government to catch 2,100 dolphins and pilot whales in the six-month hunting season

source: dailymail